Measuring Excitement on Safari: MRI Student Featured in UP’s RE.Search

 
 

The Mammal Research Institute (MRI) is proud to celebrate PhD student Bruce Crossey, whose research has been featured in the latest edition of UP’s flagship magazine, RE.Search. This issue, themed “Global”, showcases research that has impact far beyond South Africa’s borders.

The article, “Listening in on Emotion: A New Way to Understand Wildlife Tourism,” explores a pioneering approach utilized as part of Bruce’s PhD to study how tourists truly respond to viewing wildlife. Moving beyond traditional memory-based surveys – in collaboration with German ambulatory monitoring specialists Movisens GmbH – this study used wearable sensors to measure tourists’ electrodermal activity, tracking real-time physiological responses such as excitement, joy, and calm during safari encounters. The results challenge conventional assumptions: while iconic animals like elephants remain popular, rare sightings of birds or reptiles often triggered stronger emotional reactions. Context also played a key role – a close elephant encounter spiked excitement by 60%, while overcrowding during a cheetah sighting reduced the emotional impact.

Read the full feature article here.

This research was funded by the Oppenheimer Chair for Emerging African Scientists in Non-invasive Wildlife Research and conducted in collaboration with Movisens GmbH.

Professor Ara Monadjem Wins 2025 Royal Society Africa Prize

 
 

We are proud to share that Professor Ara Monadjem, fellow of the Mammal Research Institute and the newly appointed Head of the Department of Zoology and Entomology at the University of Pretoria, has been awarded the 2025 Royal Society Africa Prize.

This prestigious award recognises African scientists making innovative contributions to the sciences and building capacity across the continent. Professor Monadjem was honoured for his groundbreaking work in biodiversity research and conservation, alongside his commitment to training and mentoring the next generation of African scientists.

Congratulations to Professor Monadjem on this outstanding achievement and new leadership role — both marking an exciting new chapter in his career and for science on the African continent as a whole.

MRI Whale Unit Wins Prestigious NSTF-South32 Award

We are thrilled to congratulate the Mammal Research Institute (MRI) Whale Unit on their truly extraordinary achievement: winning the Data for Research Award at the prestigious NSTF-South32 Awards, often referred to as the “Science Oscars” of South Africa.

Since 1998, the NSTF-South32 Awards have celebrated outstanding contributions to science, engineering, technology, and innovation (SETI) in South Africa. This recognition underscores the MRI Whale Unit’s dedication to advancing knowledge, conservation, and education in marine science.

The team’s pioneering work has built Africa’s most comprehensive marine mammal monitoring programs, tracking population trends, habitat use, and climate change impacts. These data-driven insights not only inform conservation policies at both national and international levels but also support public education initiatives that benefit communities and wildlife alike.

By combining meticulous research with practical conservation action, the MRI Whale Unit exemplifies how science can drive meaningful change—ensuring the protection of our marine biodiversity for generations to come.

You can view the ceremony here: Watch on YouTube

MRI Students Shine at ZSSA 2025

The Mammal Research Institute (MRI) of the Department of Zoology and Entomology made an impressive mark at this year’s Zoological Society of Southern Africa (ZSSA) Biannual Conference, held from 27–31 July at the beautiful ATKV Goudini Spa in Rawsonville.

Representing the diverse and exciting research happening at the MRI, Juanita Wessels presented her MSc project, Reproductive behaviour, space-use and endocrine correlates of free-ranging impala (Aepyceros melampus) during the pre-rut, rut and post-rut phases, in the form of a poster. Her engaging presentation and insightful research earned her the Best Student Poster award at the awards ceremony on 30 July.

The MRI’s talent didn’t stop there. Loraine Shuttleworth (PhD) and Lea Smith (MSc) also presented their findings, impressing audiences and judges alike. Both walked away with third place in their respective presentation categories — a testament to the strong research culture and expertise within the Institute. From insightful talks to well-received posters, MRI researchers once again highlighted their valuable contributions to wildlife and conservation science in South Africa.

Congratulations to all our presenters for flying the MRI flag high!

Digging Deep: Mole-Rats, Medical Marvels, and the Next Generation of Scientists

On Monday, 28 July, the Mole-Rat Laboratory of the Department of Zoology and Entomology at the University of Pretoria opened its doors for an inspiring day of science, curiosity, and muddy paws. In collaboration with the NSTF Brilliants Programme, the lab welcomed top-performing matriculants from each province—young minds currently pursuing degrees in science, medicine, and engineering—for a behind-the-scenes look at Africa’s underground ecosystem engineers: mole-rats.

Led by Dr. Daniel Hart, Dr. PJ Jacobs, and Kerryn Grenfell, learners had the opportunity to get hands-on with the animals and explore how mole-rat research is helping answer major questions in biology, ecology, medicine, and even sports science.

As part of the program, several students, including some representing the MRI, proudly showcased their honours research projects. These included Erin Brooke, who is examining the effects of heavy metal and microplastic pollution on mole-rats in Gauteng; Jarike Stapelberg who is exploring how mole-rats might help us better understand insulin resistance and diabetes; and Megan Holland highlighted their ability to recycle lactic acid after exertion—an insight with exciting applications in sports recovery.

The visiting students left with a deeper appreciation of these often-overlooked animals, and of the critical, real-world research being done at the University of Pretoria. Events like these highlight how science reaches well beyond the lab—informing conservation, improving lives, and inspiring the next generation of scientists.

Inspiring Future Zoologists: MRI Postgraduates Engage with SANParks Junior Honorary Rangers

On Saturday, 12 July, the Department of Zoology and Entomology at the University of Pretoria opened its doors to a lively group of young nature enthusiasts. As part of an outreach initiative hosted by Dr Carel Oosthuizen, the department welcomed the SANParks Junior Honorary Rangers from the Pretoria Branch for a day of inspiration, education, and scientific discovery.

A key feature of the programme was a series of engaging presentations by postgraduate researchers, including representatives from the Mammal Research Institute (MRI), aimed at sparking curiosity and fostering a deeper appreciation for the natural world among primary and secondary school learners.

The speakers — all at various stages of their academic journeys — included Dr Bharti Arora, a postdoctoral researcher from the MRI Whale Unit; Bruce Crossey, a PhD candidate; Laurene van Dijk, an MSc student; and Cameron McLean, an honours student in wildlife management. Together, they shared not only fascinating insights into their ongoing research projects but also personal stories about how they discovered their passion for zoology and what it takes to pursue a career in the life sciences.

Following the talks, attendees had the opportunity to explore the Department of Zoology and Entomology’s undergraduate laboratory, where a range of interactive exhibits awaited them. From looking at specimens under the microscope to handling biological specimens, the hands-on component allowed the Junior Honorary Rangers to experience science in action — and ask plenty of questions along the way.

The day was filled with enthusiasm, laughter, and a shared sense of purpose. Events like these are a testament to the power of outreach in inspiring the next generation of scientists, and the MRI is proud to have played a role in connecting these enthusiastic young people with the exciting worlds of research, conservation and wildlife.

Running for Research: Prof André Ganswindt Tackles the Comrades to assist Students in Need

On 8 June 2025, our Director, Prof André Ganswindt, will swap his lab coat for running shoes as he takes on the legendary 90km Comrades Marathon – all to help students reach their dreams.

Prof Ganswindt, who holds the Oppenheimer Chair for Emerging African Scientists in Non-Invasive Wildlife Research, has dedicated his career to mentoring the next generation of conservation leaders. Now, he's pushing himself to the limit to raise funds for the Vice-Chancellor and Principal’s Scholarship Fund – supporting bright students in South Africa’s “missing middle” who are too often left behind.

Want to be part of the journey? Donate here.

DNA from Wild Dog Faeces Reveals Unexpected Dietary Secrets

©Bruce Crossey

Groundbreaking research from the Honours project of Bridget O’Connor which was supervised by Carel Oosthuizen, Andre Ganswindt, Grant Hall, and Bruce Crossey revealed surprising new insights into the diet of the endangered African wild dog. Using DNA metabarcoding to analyse faeces collected across the Kruger National Park, the team confirmed that wild dogs primarily eat impala and other medium-sized antelope—but they also found evidence of smaller prey, including Cape hares, vlei rats, and francolins.

This suggests that wild dogs may not always hunt in packs, as traditionally believed. Instead, individual dogs may supplement their diet by hunting smaller animals alone—highlighting their adaptability in changing environments.

🔬 Read the full article in The Conversation here.

The MRI continues to lead the way in innovative wildlife research, using science to secure the future of Africa’s iconic species.

*Bioinformatics analysis was supported by Clarity, a DIPLOMICS initiative.

MRI students make their mark at the 13th Oppenheimer Research Conference

 

MRI STUDENT Laurene van Dijk (HONS) was awarded first place for her poster assessing "How the construction of artificial waterholes is likely to influence cyanobacterial blooms in the face of climate change”.

 

Between 9-11 October, around 450 scientists, policy makers, NGO's and environmental stakeholders from over 28 countries attended the 13th Oppenheimer Research Conference in Midrand. The conference places a strong emphasis on "African voices in global conversations" around sustainability, climate change, conservation and the environment. The conference aimed to profile research excellence in Africa, empower young researchers and offer biodiversity professionals with networking opportunities and impactful dialogue.

Postgraduate students, Bruce Crossey (PhD), Megan Hutson, Juanita Wessels, Sian Willoughby (MSc) and Laurene van Dijk and Mattheus Louw (Hons) represented the Mammal Research Institute in the poster presentation session. Laurene van Dijk was awarded first place for her poster assessing "How the construction of artificial waterholes is likely to influence cyanobacterial blooms in the face of climate change”.

Evaluating the Impact of Tourism and Parasitic Infections on Mountain Gorillas: A New Study at Bwindi Impenetrable National Park

 

© Andre ganswindt

 

In 2025, a groundbreaking study funded by the Oppenheimer Chair for Emerging African Scientists in Non-invasive Wildlife Research will commence at Bwindi Impenetrable National Park (BINP). This pivotal research, led by Dr. Aduku Gloria Naome from Conservation Through Public Health (CTPH), Uganda, and Prof. Andre Ganswindt from the Mammal Research Institute at the University of Pretoria, South Africa, aims to assess the potential physiological stress experienced by mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei) due to tourism and other human activities.

The study will involve the non-invasive collection of faecal samples from identified gorilla groups across four sectors of BINP. By analysing stress-related hormones during both high and low tourism season, the research team hope to gain a deeper understanding of how these endangered primates may be affected by human-induced pressures.

Mountain gorillas, found exclusively in two isolated forest fragments in central-eastern Africa, are a rare conservation success story. Their population, which numbers just over 1,000 individuals, lives in the Virunga Massif and BINP. Since the introduction of gorilla-viewing tourism in BINP in 1993, there has been a significant increase in tourist visits. This initiative aimed to generate revenue for conservation and local community projects, while also providing protection for the Bwindi forest.

However, the rise in tourism has led to increased contact between humans and gorillas, intensifying the transmission of diseases and parasites. Despite the benefits of tourism, this interaction presents a substantial threat to gorilla health and survival.

This exciting study will be crucial in evaluating the potential impact of tourism and other anthropogenic activities on mountain gorillas. By focusing on stress responses and disease transmission, this research aims to enhance our understanding of the challenges faced by these remarkable animals and guide future conservation efforts in the field.

Dr. Els Vermeulen Appointed to the South African National Committee for Antarctic Research (SCAR)

 
 
 

We are thrilled to announce that Dr. Els Vermeulen from the Mammal Research Institute has been appointed to the South African National Committee of the Scientific Committee for Antarctic Research (SCAR). This prestigious appointment recognizes Dr. Vermeulen’s significant contributions to the field of marine mammal research and her commitment to advancing scientific understanding in Antarctic and Southern Ocean science.

Dr. Vermeulen brings a wealth of knowledge and experience to the committee. Her research has focused on marine mammals, particularly in understanding their behaviour, ecology, and conservation. Her expertise will be invaluable as she joins discussions on a wide range of topics related to Antarctic and Southern Ocean science.

In her role, Dr. Vermeulen will contribute to several key initiatives:

  • Developing a Strong National Antarctic Research Program: Dr. Vermeulen will play a crucial role in advocating for a robust Antarctic research program in South Africa. This includes promoting the importance of Antarctic research and ensuring that South Africa remains at the forefront of scientific discoveries in this critical region.

  • Promoting International Collaboration: Antarctic research is a global endeavour, and international collaboration is essential. Dr. Vermeulen will work to foster partnerships with researchers and institutions worldwide, facilitating the exchange of knowledge and expertise.

  • Providing Scientific Advice to the Government: The insights gained from Antarctic research are vital for informing policy decisions. Dr. Vermeulen will provide scientific advice to the South African government on matters related to Antarctic research, ensuring that policies are based on the latest scientific evidence.

Dr. Vermeulen’s appointment is not only a testament to her dedication and achievements but also a significant step forward for South African Antarctic research. Her contributions will help shape the future of Antarctic science, ensuring that South Africa continues to make meaningful contributions to this globally important field.

Tortoises eat hyena faeces to meet nutrient demands

Animal faeces has been used to answer questions related to wildlife population genetics, to assess animal responses to environmental stressors, for dietary analysis and to assess the movement of nutrients within the environment. Animals living in arid, nutrient poor environments like Tswalu Kalahari Reserve in the Northern Cape, seasonally undergo periods of nutritional stress when they are unable to meet their nutrient requirements through foraging alone. As a result, animals intentionally try to regulate these nutritional imbalances through geophagy (eating soil), osteophagy (eating/sucking on bones) or coprophagy (eating faeces). On a recent trip to Tswalu Kalahari Reserve in the Northern Cape, the first record of a wild leopard tortoise (Stigmochelys pardalis) actively searching for and eating hyena faeces was documented. 

This special issue article is the result of collaboration between Dr Andrew Abraham, Aarhus University and Dr Andrea Webster, Postdoc at the Mammal Research Institute and honours students Mattheus Louw and Laurene van Dijk.

Read the full article Tortoises get nutrients from salt licks and hyena faeces to find out more or watch the video Tortoises at salt licks and hyena latrines

MRI Postdoctoral fellow invited to speak at Prestigious International Gordon Research Conference

DR ANDREA WEBSTER PRESENTES HER WORK at the 5-day Conference focussed on "Addressing Environmental Endocrine Disruptors to Improve Planetary Health"

Dr Andrea Webster, postdoctoral fellow with the Mammal Research Institute recently attended the prestigious International Gordon Research Conference on Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals held in Italy in June. Dr Webster was invited to share her work with postgraduate students from the US, Europe and Asia at the pre-conference Seminar focussed on "Harnessing Interdisciplinary Evidence for Endocrine Disruption".

She was also an invited speaker at the 5-day Conference focussed on "Addressing Environmental Endocrine Disruptors to Improve Planetary Health" where she showcased her work on heavy metal exposure in free-ranging African wildlife. Dr Webster reconnected with UP Natural Health Sciences colleagues, Dr Natalie Aneck-Hahn and Dr Catherina Van Zijl studying endocrine disruptor effects on male reproductive health and water quality in South Africa as well as experts in the field of endocrine disruption from Scandinavia, Asia, the EU and US to foster collaborations.

MRI fellow seeks groundbreaking solutions to snaring

A Google Earth depiction of the proposed coverage provided by the airborne detection system. The system envisages the ability to scan, among others, the entire Serengeti National Park for snares in just 23 days. (Image: Supplied)

Deadly snares set by poachers continue to devastate wildlife in and around the Kruger National Park, with 135 buffaloes and six elephants falling victim in 2023. Dr. Dave Gaynor, a research fellow at University of Pretoria’s Mammal Research Institute, highlighted to Daily Maverick that he and his team are pioneering a groundbreaking solution to combat snaring, which he identifies as a primary cause of the decline in lions, leopards, cheetahs, hyenas, and wild dogs. Gaynor emphasized the inadequacy of current snare detection methods, noting that only 1% to 5% of snares are found in well-managed reserves. To address this issue, Gaynor and his colleagues are developing an airborne detection system using synthetic aperture radar. This system promises finer spatial resolution and the capability to cover large areas efficiently, scanning 135km² per hour with high accuracy. Read more about this innovative research, and the broader snaring conversation, in the article published by Daily Maverick here.

Assessing Waterhole Quality in Tswalu Kalahari Reserve

 
 

Laurene van Dijk assessed waterhole quality on a recent trip to Tswalu Kalahari Reserve in the Northern Cape, where she conducted fieldwork for her honours project. She aims to assess how waterhole construction in semi-arid regions might increase the potential for toxic blue-green algal blooms. As temperatures increase and surface water becomes less available due to unpredictable rainfall events associated with climate change, animals will need to visit artificial waterholes more regularly. In addition to determining which animals wade into the water to drink, thereby often contributing nutrients required for algal blooms, Laurene aims to assess which species might be at higher risk of effects from algal blooms when utilizing those waterbodies.  

 

MRI Nominees Contend for NSTF - South32 Lifetime Award

The National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF) annual awards recognises outstanding contributions to science, engineering, technology (SET), and innovation. Known as the ‘Science Oscars’ of South Africa, the NSTF-South32 are the largest, most comprehensive, and most sought-after national awards of their kind in SA.

This year, the MRI is proud to be represented by two nominees who will be contending for the coveted NSTF-South32 Lifetime Award in Prof. Andre Ganswindt (Professor and Director: Mammal Research Institute) and Prof. Nigel Bennett (Chair at Austin Roberts of Mammalogy; and Professor: Mammal Research). The MRI wishes our two esteemed nominees the best of luck at this year’s prestigious event!

See the full list of nominees across all 15 Award categories here: https://nstf.org.za/current-nominees/

MRI Honours Student Conducts Camera Trapping in Tswalu Kalahari Reserve

Some interesting footage of a bat eared fox (Otocyon megalotis) captured on a recent field campaign by honours student Mattheus Louw at Tswalu Kalahari Reserve in the Northern Cape. His study, funded by the University of Pretoria and the Tswalu foundation, aims to determine which secondary species visit communal defaecation sites like rhino middens and hyaena latrines in semi-arid regions, and what drives them to do so.

 
 

African wild dogs will soon have their own sperm bank – how artificial breeding will help them survive

 

© Bruce CROSSEY

 

Scientists at the Institute for Breeding Rare and Endangered African Mammals, in collaboration with the Mammal Research Institute, are striving to protect endangered African wild dogs. As the species faces habitat loss and disease threats, the team are pioneering a novel approach to conserve wild dogs: freezing sperm from genetically diverse males for artificial insemination. This breakthrough aims to bolster genetic diversity, crucial for survival in fragmented habitats. With high hopes for disease resilience and population sustainability, this innovative method offers a cost-effective solution to conserve this iconic species, promising to revolutionize wildlife conservation strategies and secure a brighter future for African wild dogs.

Read more about this groundbreaking inititiave in an article written by MRI Fellow Dr Damien Paris in The Conversation here.

Empowering African Environmental Science: The Jennifer Ward Oppenheimer (JWO) Research Grant Seeks Another Trailblazing Recipient

The Jennifer Ward Oppenheimer Research Grant (JWO Grant) aims to empower African environmental science by honoring the legacy of Jennifer Ward Oppenheimer. With Africa historically underrepresented in global research, this grant seeks to bridge the gap by providing resources and support to early-career scientists across the continent. Now in its sixth year, the JWO Grant encourages scholars to tackle pressing environmental challenges, from biodiversity conservation to microplastic pollution and disease vectors. As the JWO Grant enters its next phase, it invites passionate environmentalists to apply and contribute to shaping Africa's environmental future.

The 2024 JWO grant of $150,000 (USD) will be awarded to one successful applicant. The grant will support a research program of up to three years. There will be an annual call for new applications (previously funded research will not be eligible), and the grant recipient will be announced at the Oppenheimer Research Conference on the 10th of October 2024.

To apply for the grant, click here.

Applications are open from the 2nd of April 2024 to the 3rd of May 2024.